By Nick Hedley
With Republicans on track to wrest back control of the House
of Representatives, an offshore private wealth manager says this is “the best
outcome” for stocks and other risk assets since a divided government implies
greater policy certainty.
“Gridlock in Washington means that no new taxes and grand
fiscal spending plans can be rammed through by the party in power,” said Paul
Theron, CEO of Johannesburg-based boutique wealth manager Vestact, which has
R6.4 billion ($357 million) under management. The firm invests mostly in the
U.S.
“Leaving aside your personal ideological preferences, this
is seen as the best outcome for stocks,” Theron said in a note.
While Republicans looked set to take control of the House, albeit with a narrower margin than previously thought, Democrats were faring better than many expected in the Senate race, which will only be concluded in December after a runoff election for the Georgia seat.
Under a divided Congress, analysts say President Joe Biden
will likely be limited to using executive powers – a heavily restricted form of
law-making that excludes tax-changing capabilities, and is limited to areas
such as trade negotiations.
Given that new legislation will be difficult to pass under a
divided Congress, economists at Lloyds Bank in the U.K. said further near-term
fiscal support for the economy was unlikely, meaning the onus of support would
shift to the Federal Reserve.
This may “slightly raise the odds of U.S. interest rates
peaking at a lower rate than previously expected.”
And with a recession looming large, the bank expected
“aggressive interest rate cuts” from the second half of 2023 onwards.
James Knightley, chief international economist at Dutch bank
ING, agrees.
The “political malaise” would likely benefit equity markets,
which could “amplify the upside move in market rates” in the near term.
“But the more medium-term prognosis points to a bigger fall
in market rates,” Knightley said. “With congress stuck and unable to provide
much fiscal support, it is the rates environment that has more room to react,
bolstered by bigger cuts from the Federal Reserve versus other scenarios.”
Meanwhile, since Biden would be restricted to focusing
mainly on international issues such as trade, this election outcome could prove
“mildly positive for the dollar.” Knightley referred to the Biden
administration’s increasingly tough stance on trade with China.
In a separate research report, ING’s global head of markets,
Chris Turner, noted reports suggesting that a Republican House would use next
year's debt ceiling negotiations for policy leverage, which could hit investor
appetite for U.S. assets and weaken the dollar.
In the short term, however, the direction of equity markets would
likely be more driven by inflation readings than the election result, Turner
said.
What Happens if Republicans Make a Clean Sweep?
“As in the previous scenario, there will be little prospect
of any meaningful fiscal support to counter the recession, putting the onus on
the Federal Reserve to loosen monetary policy aggressively in the second half
of 2023 onwards,” ING’s Knightley said.
Republican control of both branches of Congress could
initially weigh on the dollar via a hamstrung administration unable to deliver
fiscal support in a downturn, he said.
Closer to 2024, however, the greenback could make a comeback
if Republicans hold their gains – given the experience with Donald Trump’s Tax
Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.
“As a pre-emptive swing in the direction of a potential
Trump administration, a pro-growth tint should result in higher bond yields
than would otherwise be the case,” Knightley said. “Expect an amplification of
the risk in yields to the upside, and then a more dramatic fall in market rates
to the downside as we progress through 2023.”
If Democrats Somehow Manage a Clean Sweep
In the unlikely scenario where Democrats retain both the House
and Senate, Knightley expects a fiscal response to intensifying recessionary
fears. The government may reintroduce a federal unemployment benefit, for
instance.
And more expansionary fiscal policy “may mean there is less
pressure on the Fed to cut interest rates, especially if inflation proves to be
stickier than we project.”
“A surprise retention by the Democrats of both the House and
the Senate could be seen as dollar positive for 2023,” Knightley said. “The
administration would have more power to meet a recession with a fiscal
response.”
However, this could make it more difficult for the Fed to bring
inflation back to 2%.
And markets could perceive a Democrat clean sweep as the lower growth option, which would place downward pressure on equities relative to other scenarios.
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